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History of lasers: |
Albert Einstein first described the principle of laser energy (stimulated emission) in 1917. In the 1960’s, the first lasers were built and used in medicine. Dr. Leon Goldman used the first medical laser, the ruby laser, in the treatment of tattoos. A CO2 laser was developed during this time and used to cut tissue and surgically removed skin lesions. The argon laser was the first laser to be utilized in the treatment of vascular birthmarks in children (port-wine stains and hemangiomas). Unfortunately, these early lasers were non-selective and produced excessive heat in the tissue which frequently led to scarring.
Further research led to the development of the pulsed dye laser which was the first laser to employ the principles of selective photothermolysis. This theory states that use of laser energy that is specific in wavelength and pulse duration to the target and its size will maximize destruction of target (blood vessels for example) and minimize damage to surrounding structures (skin).
In the 1980’s, major advances were made in laser surgery as lasers were developed and utilized based on the principle of selective photothermolysis. Thus specific targets in the skin could be destroyed without damaging surrounding skin structure, thus minimizing any risk of scarring.
Today, laser surgeons may utilize safely a vast number of lasers to specifically treat a number of skin conditions. Recent advances have led to the development of non-ablative lasers that improve sun damaged skin, wrinkles and acne scars with no down time. Resurfacing lasers have been perfected to minimize the risk of scarring or color changes in the skin, and erbium lasers improve healing times. The latest pulsed dye laser allows treatment of rosacea, facial redness and broken blood vessel with very little or no bruising. Advances in laser technology continue to improve patient care.
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